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CNC G Codes

Code name-brief description of function
G00------Quick positioning
G01------Linear interpolation
G02------clockwise circular interpolation
G03------Counterclockwise circular interpolation
G04------Timed pause
G05-------arc interpolation through the intermediate point
G07------Z spline curve interpolation
G08------Feed acceleration
G09------Feed deceleration
G20------Subroutine call
G22------Radius dimension programming method
G220-----Use on the system operation interface
G23------diameter size programming method
G230-----Use on the system operation interface
G24------End of subroutine
G25------Jump processing
G26------Cycle processing
G30------Magnification cancellation
G31-------rate definition
G32------Equal pitch thread cutting, inch system
G33------Equal pitch thread cutting, metric system
G53, G500-Set the workpiece coordinate system to cancel
G54------Set the workpiece coordinate system 1
G55------Set the workpiece coordinate system 2
G56------Set the workpiece coordinate system three
G57------Set the workpiece coordinate system four
G58------Set the workpiece coordinate system five
G59------Set the workpiece coordinate system 6
G60------accurate path method
G64------Continuous path mode
G70------Inch size inch
G71------Metric size mm
G74------Return to reference point (machine zero point)
G75------Return to the zero point of programmed coordinates
G76------Return to the starting point of programmed coordinates
G81------External canned cycle
G331-----Thread canned cycle
G90------absolute size
G91------ relative size
G92------Prefabricated coordinates
G94------Feed rate, feed per minute
G95------feed rate, feed per revolution
 
G00—Quick positioning
Format: G00 X(U)__Z(W)__
Explanation: (1) This instruction makes the tool quickly move to the specified position according to the point control mode. The workpiece must not be moved during the movement
For processing.
(2) All the programmed axes move at the speed defined by the parameters at the same time. When a certain axis finishes the programmed value, it will stop, and the other
The axis continues to move,
(3) The non-moving coordinates do not need to be programmed.
(4) G00 can be written as G0
Example: G00 X75 Z200
G0 U-25 W-100
First, X and Z walk 25 quickly to point A at the same time, and then walk 75 to point B quickly in the Z direction.
 
G01—Linear interpolation
Format: G01 X(U)__Z(W)__F__(mm/min)
Explanation: (1) This command makes the tool move to the specified position in linear interpolation mode. Movement speed is commanded by F
Feed rate. All coordinates can be operated in linkage.
(2) G01 can also be written as G1
Example: G01 X40 Z20 F150
Two-axis linkage from point A to point B
 
G02—Inverse circular interpolation
Format 1: G02 X(u)____Z(w)____I____K____F_____
Explanation: (1) When X and Z are in G90, the arc end point coordinate is the absolute coordinate value relative to the programmed zero point. At G91,
The arc end point is the incremental value relative to the arc start point. Regardless of G90 or G91, I and K are the coordinate values ​​of the arc end point.
I is the X-direction value, and K is the Z-direction value. The coordinates of the center of the circle shall not be omitted in the circular interpolation, unless it is programmed in other formats.
(2) When G02 instruction is programmed, it can directly edit the quadrant circle, full circle, etc.
Note: When the quadrant is exceeded, the gap compensation will be automatically performed. If the gap compensation and the actual backlash of the machine tool are entered at the end of the parameter area
Great disparity will cause obvious cut marks on the workpiece.
(3) G02 can also be written as G2.
Example: G02 X60 Z50 I40 K0 F120
 
Format 2: G02 X(u)____Z(w)____R(+\-)__F__
Note: (1) Cannot be used for programming of a full circle
(2) R is the radius of the R arc on one side of the workpiece. R is a sign, "+" means that the arc angle is less than 180 degrees;
"-" means that the arc angle is greater than 180 degrees. The "+" can be omitted.
(3) It is based on the coordinates of the end point. When the length between the end point and the starting point is greater than 2R, a straight line is used instead of an arc.
Example: G02 X60 Z50 R20 F120
 
Format 3: G02 X(u)____Z(w)____CR=__(radius)F__
Format 4: G02 X(u)____Z(w)__D__(diameter)F___
These two programming formats are basically the same as format 2.
 
G03—Circular interpolation
Note: The format is the same as the G02 command except that the arc rotation direction is opposite.
 
G04—Timed pause
Format: G04__F__ or G04 __K__
Note: The processing movement is paused. After the time is up, the processing will continue. The pause time is specified by the data following F. The unit is seconds.
The range is 0.01 seconds to 300 seconds.
 
G05—Circular interpolation through the intermediate point
Format: G05 X(u)____Z(w)____IX_____IZ_____F_____
Explanation: (1) X and Z are the coordinates of the end point, and IX and IZ are the coordinates of the intermediate point. Others are similar to G02/G03
Example: G05 X60 Z50 IX50 IZ60 F120
 
G08/G09—Feed acceleration/deceleration
Format: G08
Explanation: They occupy one line alone in the program segment. When running to this segment in the program, the feed rate will increase by 10%.
If you want to increase by 20%, you need to write two separate paragraphs.
 
G22 (G220)-Radius dimension programming method
Format: G22
Note: if it occupies a line alone in the program, the system runs in radius mode, and the following values ​​in the program are also
Based on the radius.
 
G23(G230)—diameter size programming method
Format: G23
Note: if it occupies a line alone in the program, the system runs in diameter mode, and the following values ​​in the program are also
Based on the diameter.
 
G25—Jump processing
Format: G25 LXXX
Note: When the program executes to this section of program, it will transfer the program section designated by it. (XXX is the program segment number).
 
G26—Circular processing
Format: G26 LXXX QXX
Note: When the program is executed to this section of the program, the specified section starts to this section as a loop body,
The number of cycles is determined by the value following Q.
 
G30—magnification cancellation
Format: G30
Description: Occupy a line alone in the program, and use it with G31 to cancel the function of G31.
 
G31-definition of magnification
Format: G31 F_____
 
G32—equal pitch thread processing (English system)
G33—equal pitch thread processing (metric system)
Format: G32/G33 X(u)____Z(w)____F____
Explanation: (1) X and Z are the coordinates of the end point, and F is the pitch
(2) G33/G32 can only process single-pole, single-start threads.
(3) The change of X value can process taper thread
(4) When using this command, the spindle speed cannot be too high, otherwise the tool wear will be large.
 
G54—Set workpiece coordinate 1
Format: G54
Note: There can be several coordinate systems in the system, G54 corresponds to the first coordinate system, and its origin position value is in the machine tool
Set in the parameters.
 
G55—Set workpiece coordinate 2
Same as above
G56—Set workpiece coordinate three
Same as above
G57—Set Workpiece Coordinate Four
Same as above
G58—Set Workpiece Coordinate Five
Same as above
G59—Set Workpiece Coordinate 6
Same as above
 
G60—accurate path method
Format: G60
Note: In the actual machining process, when several actions are connected together, when the exact path is used for programming, then the
During the next processing, there will be a buffering process (meaning deceleration)
 
G64—Continuous path mode
Format: G64
Note: Relative to G60. Mainly used for rough machining.
 
G74—Return to reference point (machine zero point)
Format: G74 X Z
Explanation: (1) No other content shall appear in this paragraph.
(2) The coordinates appearing after G74 will return to zero with X and Z in turn.
(3) Before using G74, make sure that the machine tool is equipped with a reference point switch.
(4) Single-axis zero return is also possible.
 
G75—Return to the zero point of programmed coordinates
Format: G75 X Z
Description: Return to the zero point of programming coordinates
 
G76—Return to the starting point of programmed coordinates
Format: G76
Description: Return to the position where the tool starts processing.
 
G81—Outer circle (inner circle) canned cycle
Format: G81__X(U)__Z(W)__R__I__K__F__
Explanation: (1) X, Z are the coordinate values ​​of the end point, and U, W are the incremental value of the end point relative to the current point.
(2) R is the diameter to be machined of the starting point section.
(3) I is the feed for rough turning, K is the feed for fine turning, I and K are signed numbers, and the signs of the two should be the same.
The sign convention is as follows: cutting from the outer center axis (turning the outer circle) is "-", otherwise it is "+".
(4) Different X, Z, R determine switches with different outer circles, such as: taper or no degree,
Positive taper or reverse taper, left cutting or right cutting, etc.
(5) F is the cutting speed (mm/min)
(6) After processing, the tool stops at the end point.
Example: G81 X40 Z 100 R15 I-3 K-1 F100
Processing process:
1: G01 feed 2 times I (the first cut is I, the last cut is I+K finishing), deep cutting:
2: G01 two-axis interpolation, cutting to the end section, if the machining is finished, it will stop:
3: G01 retracts the knife I to a safe position, and at the same time performs the auxiliary cutting surface smoothing
4: G00 quickly feeds to the outside of high working surface I, and reserves I for the next step of cutting, and repeats to 1.
 
G90—Programming in absolute value mode
Format: G90
Explanation: (1) When G90 is programmed into the program, all the coordinate values ​​programmed afterwards are all based on the programmed zero point.
(2) After the system is powered on, the machine tool is in G state.
N0010 G90 G92 x20 z90
N0020 G01 X40 Z80 F100
N0030 G03 X60 Z50 I0 K-10
N0040 M02
 
G91—Incremental programming
Format: G91
Note: When G91 is programmed into the program, all subsequent coordinate values ​​are calculated using the previous coordinate position as the starting point
The programmed value of the movement. In the next segment of the coordinate system, the previous point is always used as the starting point for programming.
Example: N0010 G91 G92 X20 Z85
N0020 G01 X20 Z-10 F100
N0030 Z-20
N0040 X20 Z-15
N0050 M02
 
G92—Set the workpiece coordinate system
Format: G92 X__ Z__
Explanation: (1) G92 only changes the coordinate value currently displayed by the system, does not move the coordinate axis, and reaches the set coordinate
The purpose of origin.
(2) The effect of G92 is to change the displayed tool nose coordinate to the set value.
(3) The XZ behind G92 can be programmed separately or all.
 
G94—Feed rate, feed per minute
Note: This is the default state of the machine at startup.
 
G20—Subroutine call
Format: G20 L__
N__
Explanation: (1) After L is the program name after N of the subprogram to be called, but N cannot be input.
Only numbers 1~99999999 are allowed after N.
(2) Contents other than those described above must not appear in this section of the program.
 
G24—return at the end of the subroutine
Format: G24
Explanation: (1) G24 indicates the end of the subroutine, and returns to the next section of the program that called the subroutine.
(2) G24 and G20 appear in pairs
(3) No other commands are allowed in this section of G24.
Example: Use the following example to illustrate the parameter transfer process in the subroutine call process, please pay attention to the application
Program name: P10
M03 S1000
G20 L200
M02
N200 G92 X50 Z100
G01 X40 F100
Z97
G02 Z92 X50 I10 K0 F100
G01 Z-25 F100
G00 X60
Z100
G24
If you want to call multiple times, please use the following format
M03 S1000
N100 G20 L200
N101 G20 L200
N105 G20 L200
M02
N200 G92 X50 Z100
G01 X40 F100
Z97
G02 Z92 X50 I10 K0 F100
G01 Z-25 F100
G00 X60
Z100
G24
 
G331—Thread processing cycle
Format: G331 X__ Z__I__K__R__p__
Explanation: (1) X-direction diameter changes, X=0 is straight thread
(2) Z is the thread length, absolute or relative programming can be done
(3) I is the run-out length in the X direction after the thread is cut, ± value
(4) The diameter difference between the outer diameter of the R thread and the root diameter, positive value
(5) K pitch KMM
(6) Cycle processing times of p thread, that is, cut in several cutters
Tips:
1. The depth of each feed is R÷p and rounded, and the last cut does not feed to smooth the thread surface
2. The name of the I value is determined according to the positive and negative direction of the internal thread run-out along the X direction.
3. The starting position of the thread processing cycle is to align the tool tip with the outer circle of the thread.
Example:
M3
G4 f2
G0 x30 z0
G331 z-50 x0 i10 k2 r1.5 p5
G0 z0
M05

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